The rural marketing
is a two way communication process, which includes the flow of goods
and services from rural to urban areas, urban to rural areas, and
within the rural area itself. The Indian rural market with its vast
size and demand base offers great opportunities to marketers. Since
two-thirds of country’s consumers live in rural areas and
almost half of the national income is generated here, it is only
natural that rural markets form an important part of the Indian
market.
The success of a brand in the
Indian rural market is highly unpredictable. Our nation is classified
into approximately 450 districts and 630000 villages, which can
be differentiated by parameters such as literacy levels, accessibility,
income levels, penetration, distances from nearest towns, etc. Many
brands, which should have been successful, have failed miserably.
More often than not, people attribute rural market success to luck.
Therefore, marketers need to understand the social dynamics and
attitude variations within each village though nationally it follows
a consistent pattern.
Despite lower incidence
of premium product purchases, the rural consumers across all income
segments exhibit marked propensity to spend on premium high quality
products, which are backed by strong brand values, where they correspond
to their own aspirations and quality needs. The problem really lies
in market not being able to offer a premium product in the specific
context of rural demand. The Indian rural market is a complex mosaic
of mind-sets, cultures, and lifestyles. While education, employment,
income, agricultural land ownership may still be the major deciding
factors accounting for social differentiation, they do not yield
reciprocal cohort behavioral patterns with respect to consumption
patterns, purchasing decisions and priorities of product ownership.
Rural markets represent a distinct dynamic in how they come into
being and make unique demands on how the product is designed and
how the brand is positioned and promoted. Greater the strategic
attention to these unique demands, greater are the chances of the
product's success in the rural market.
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